Decision Making Biases And The Deepwater Disaster - 830 Words

Decision making biases played a devastating role in the Deepwater Disaster. The biases that were present are; representativeness heuristic, overconfidence bias, confirmation bias and escalation of commitment bias. Based on my findings, to some extent, each of the following biases contributed to the Deepwater Disaster. Representativeness heuristic, as stated in our text books is often used when people estimate the probability of an event occurring. It reflects the tendency to assess the likelihood of an event occurring based on one’s impressions about similar occurrences (Kreitner Kinicki, 2013). BP’s, confidence in its drilling success-rate, was partly to blame for the disaster. More importantly, based on the fact that, â€Å"offshore blowouts occur frequently—there were 173 in the Gulf of Mexico alone from 1980 to 2008—there had never been one in deep water. In fact, neither BP nor any of its competitors had proven equipment or technology or any backup plan for a catastrophic failure at great depth. Therefore, the industry did not develop an oil spill plan for the low probability, high- consequence event when everything fails, says Greg McCormack, director of the Petroleum Extension Service at the University of Texas. (Hoffman, 2010) According to (Kreitner Kinicki, 2013), overconfidence bias, relates to our tendency to be over-confident about estimates or forecasts. This bias is particularly strong when you are asked moderate to extremely difficult questions ratherShow MoreRelatedBp Deep Water Horizontal Explosion3148 Words   |  13 Pagesrepositioned BP as a â€Å"green† oil company after he took over and practiced the model of organizational decision-making strategy, known as â€Å"asset federation.† Under this new strategy, onsite asset managers had the authority to make decisions, and employees’ compensation was directly tied to asset performance (Ingersoll et. al, 4). Many decisions made by John Browne were directly related to the Deepwater Horizon explosion. In 2007, Tony Hayward replaced John Browne and became the new chief executive. TonyRead MoreIssue Management: Risk Management2957 Words   |  12 Pagessurprises? Bazerman and Watkins have identified five cognitive biases for t his question. â€Å"First, we tend to have illusions that lead us to conclude that a problem does not exist or is not severe enough to merit action. Second, we interpret events in an egocentric manner- we allocate blame and credit in ways that are self-serving. Third, we discount the future because it is easier to put off daunting measures today to prevent â€Å"far-off† disaster. Fourth, we cling on to the status quo. And fifth we onlyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPreface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and

My Journey Towards Becoming A Preschool Teacher - 1390 Words

When starting my journey towards becoming a preschool teacher, my philosophy was pretty vague. I believed in simple things such as caring and loving children as well as supporting and guiding them onto their path. I still believe in all these things, although I have recognized that there is a lot more to teaching, as well as my philosophy, than I initially thought. I came to this realization when studying about all the different child development theorists throughout history, as well as the six key social-emotional life skills, which the theorists identify and acknowledge as well. Additionally, the knowledge of philosophies already used in schools has influenced my thought on teaching and how I will teach my students and your children.†¦show more content†¦Attachment is described as an emotional bond to somebody or someone. A child will tend to attach themselves to someone who shows their affection and love, who they know keeps them safe and someone who shares their knowledg e. When these things are given a child will feel comfortable enough to accept help from this individual. In most cases, the first person children will attach themselves too is their family. It is important for a healthy attachment to be made because when a child feels secure, that encourages children to adventure and explore on their own. They know that if they do go out and explore alone, that you will always be there to catch them if they need help. Having a sense of belonging is also important, especially in a classroom. If a child feels as though they belong, they are more likely to participate in activities. Once again, a sense of belonging usually stems from their family. A child’s family is important when establishing a sense of belonging because it helps start the search for their identity. For example, they learn what their place is in the family, are they the son, daughter, sister or brother? They even learn about their cultural identity. When in a classroom, a child needs to find a new sense of belonging in order to strive in being educated. This is because having a sense of belonging also helps a child feel secure as well as guides them to learn about their place in society and appropriateShow MoreRelatedExtended Goal Statement Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesExtended Goal Statement I sat in my child development class in a â€Å"brick and mortar† classroom setting. What was I doing there? I was extremely interested in what the professor was speaking on and what was being discussed. However, I was beginning to doubt whether I wanted to continue in my current field of study, Speech/Language Pathology. I no longer felt I was being fulfilled. There was something lacking. I talked to a few of my friends who mentioned how much money I would makeRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children s Children1432 Words   |  6 Pagesthink about your child’s emotions toward your decision. Maybe that will change your mind. Every child is different, so every child will accept and adapt to a change like this differently. In this paper I will be discussing the impact of divorce on children, children’s adaptations to their situations, and finally, my journey through parents’ divorce. Psychological Impact of Divorce on Children In 2010, a comparative study on the psychological adjustment of preschool children from divorced and nuclearRead MoreComputer Software Technology For Early Childhood Developmental Learning Processes For ( Pre K ) Children Ages 1-62469 Words   |  10 PagesY1 Professor Johnson August 5, 2015 To what extent does computer software technology assist in early childhood developmental learning processes for (Pre-K) children ages 3-5? Introduction Advances in technology since my children were born have always fascinated me. My fondest memories were traveling with the children in the car-prior to technology’s takeover. We would sing and talk to one another during this time. We were fortunate to live in an area close where we did not have to travelRead MoreEssay about Preschool Learning Centers2342 Words   |  10 Pages During these formative years, children develop attitudes about education that remain with them for the rest of their lives (Kostelnik, Soderman, Whiren, 2011). High quality early childhood education programs and highly effective, passionate teachers or care providers will not only promote young children’s development and academic achievement but will also foster a lifelong passion for learning. ECE programs and educators utilize learning centers to contribute to young children’s acquisitionRead MoreMy First Semester At Texas Women s University1760 Words   |  8 PagesThis is a reflective essay concerning my READ 3423.01 with Dr. Reid in the fall of 2016. As I wrap up my first semester at Texas Women’s University I am awed and thankful. I am the first person in my family to attend University. Some find this surprising because I do come from a family that has done well professionally, but that was due to grit and personalities. The fact is, I was never even spoken to about attending college while I was growing up. I believe this is because no one before me hadRead MoreMy Family Genealogy Has A Profound Influence On My Self Identity2792 Words   |  12 PagesMy family genealogy has a profound influence on my self-identity. According to Hurtado, an individual’s self-identity is comprised of two components: â€Å"personal† and â€Å"social† identity. My family tree has its root in Veracruz, Mexico. My father’s father, Lorenzo Martinez, worked in the fields to support his family. He lost his wife Isabel Valdez due to declini ng health. It forced by grandfather to assume the role of mother and father to his six children. I know little about my grandmother Isabel becauseRead MoreUnderstanding Childrens Development4879 Words   |  20 Pagesused to display the ages and stages of development for children and young people. | Birth - 3 yrs | 3 - 5 yrs | 6 - 11 yrs | 12 - 19 yrs | Physical | Development of control over body involving gross and fine motor - aiming towards walking at end of first year.(0 - 1) Perfecting gross and fine motor skills, developing balance, stability, coordination and ability to manipulate objects. (1 - 2) Developing increased strength, use motor skills to accomplish challenges for exampleRead MoreRead Savage Inequalities by Jonathan Kozol2313 Words   |  10 PagesUrban and suburban schools, Chapter 3 (2 points) In 1964, the author, Jonathan Kozol, is a young man who works as a teacher. Like many others at the time, the grade school where he teaches is segregated (teaching only non-white students), understaffed, and in poor physical condition. Kozol loses his first job as a teacher because he introduces students to some African American poetry that questions the conditions of blacks in America. Years later, after holding manyRead MorePiaget in the Toddler Classroom Essay2975 Words   |  12 PagesAlvarado February 18, 2013 Piaget in the Toddler Classroom There are a lot of things to consider when designing the layout of a toddler classroom. It is very important to create an environment that is geared toward the proper developmental stage in order for young children to get the most out their classroom. Children in the preoperational stage (2 yrs. – 7 yrs.) need a wide variety of hands-on activities to promote development. Using Jean Piaget’s TheoryRead MoreMiddle Childhood : School Is A Pre Society2593 Words   |  11 PagesFrom the time we are born, we are continuously developing into socially acceptable boys and girls and down the line men and women. Every day is a journey to find our ideal selves, where we question our natural developmental stages and experiment with them. We want our hair longer, our eyes lighter, and our feminine and masculine features to be more attractive to the opposite gender. We learn from others on television and in real life on how to socialize and be popular in order to fit into our st ructural

The ability to formulate concepts ad think abstractly disappears Free Essays

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive, irreversible, degenerative neurologic disease that begins insidiously and is characterized by gradual losses of cognitive function and disturbances in behavior and affect. Alzheimer’s disease is not found exclusively in the elderly; in 1 % to 10% of cases, its onset occurs in middle age. A family history of Alzheimer’s disease and the presence of Down syndrome are two established risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. We will write a custom essay sample on The ability to formulate concepts ad think abstractly disappears or any similar topic only for you Order Now Of family members have at least one other relative with Alzheimer’s disease, then a familial component, which non- specifically includes both environmental triggers and genetic determinants, is said to exist. Genetic studies show that autosomal- dominant forms of Alzheimer’s disease are associated with early onset and early death. In 1987, chromosome 21 was first implicated in early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease. Soon after, the gene coding fro amyloid precursor protein or APP was also found to be on chromosome 21. Not until 1991 was an actual mutation in association with familial Alzheimer’s disease found in the APP gene of chromosome 21. For those with this gene, onset of Alzheimer’s disease began in their 50’s. Only a few of the cases of familial Alzheimer’s disease have been found to involve this genetic mutation. In 1992, chromosome 14 was found to contain an unidentified mutation also linked to familial Alzheimer’s disease. Since 1995, molecular biologists have been discovering even more- specific genetic information about the various forms of Alzheimer’s disease, including genetic differences between early- and late- onset Alzheimer’s disease. These genetic differences are helping to pinpoint risk factors associated with the disease, although the genetic indicators are not specific enough to be used as reliable diagnostic markets. A. Causes/ Risk Factors Symptoms of AD are usually subtle in onset and often progress slowly until they are obvious and devastating. The changes characteristic of AD into three general categories: cognitive, functional, and behavioral. Reversible causes of AD include alcohol abuse, medication use, psychiatric disorders, and normal- pressure hydrocephalus. Increasing age is the leading risk factor of people getting Alzheimer’s disease. II. Symptoms, Changes by Psychological and Behavioral A. Dementia Symptoms are usually subtle in onset and often progress slowly until they are obvious and devastating. The changes characteristics of dementia fall into three general categories: cognitive, functional and behavioral. In the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, forgetfulness and subtle memory loss occur. The patient may experience small difficulties in work or social activities but has adequate cognitive function to hide the loss and can function independently. Depression may occur at this time. With further progression of the disease, the deficits can no longer be concealed. Forgetfulness is manifested in many daily actions. These patients may lose their ability to recognize familiar faces, places, and objects and may get lost in a familiar environment. They may repeat the same stories because they forget that they have already told them. Trying to reason with the person and using reality orientation only increase the patient’s anxiety without increasing function. Conversation becomes difficult, and there are word- finding difficulties. The ability to formulate concepts ad think abstractly disappears; for instance, the patient can interpret a proverb only in concrete terms. The patient is often unable to recognize the consequences of his or her actions and will therefore exhibit impulsive behavior. For example, on a hot day, the patient may decide to wade in the city fountain fully clothed. The patient has difficulty with everyday activities, such as operating simple appliances and handling money. Personality changes are also usually evident. The patient may become depressed, suspicious, paranoid, hostile, and even combative. Progression of the disease intensifies the symptoms: speaking skills deteriorate to nonsense syllables, agitation and physical activity increase, and the patient may wander at night. Eventually, assistance is needed for most ADL’s including eating and toileting, since dysphagia occurs and incontinence develops. The terminal stage, in which the patient is usually mobile and requires total care, may last for months or years. Occasionally, the patient may recognize family or caretakers. Death occurs as a result of complications such as pneumonia, malnutrition, or dehydration. How to cite The ability to formulate concepts ad think abstractly disappears, Papers